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}} ''Late Registration'' is the second studio album by American hip hop artist Kanye West, released on August 30, 2005, by Roc-A-Fella Records. Recording sessions for the album took place over the course of a year at Record Plant Studios, Chalice Recording Studios, and Grandmaster Recording Studios in Hollywood, and at Sony Music Studios in New York City. West collaborated with American record producer and composer Jon Brion to produce ''Late Registration'', and the album features guest contributions from artists such as Jay-Z, Common, Lupe Fiasco, Jamie Foxx, Nas, Brandy, and Adam Levine, among others. The production is notably more lush and elaborate than West's previous album, ''The College Dropout''. By collaborating with Jon Brion, West was able to utilize production styles and instruments not commonly associated with hip-hop music. More intricate sampling methods and the inclusion of string arrangements meant that the production featured on the album was unique to hip-hop music. West still sought to deliver lyrics that allowed him to continue his style of storytelling during songs, and the album covers topics of social issues, such as poverty, drug trafficking, health care, and blood diamond trades. The album produced five singles, including the international hits "Touch the Sky", "Heard 'Em Say" and "Gold Digger", the latter of which topped the ''Billboard'' Hot 100 at number one. Music videos for all five singles were produced. West supported the album with a promotional concert tour, and the live album ''Late Orchestration''. ''Late Registration'' debuted at number one on the ''Billboard'' 200 chart, selling 860,000 copies in its first week. The album has thus far sold over 3.1 million units in the United States and has been certified triple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America. Upon its release, ''Late Registration'' received rave reviews from music critics and earned West several accolades, including a Grammy Award for Best Rap Album at the 2006 Grammy Awards and an Album of the Year nomination. It appeared at the top of several publications year-end lists of top albums. ''Rolling Stone'' named it the best album of 2005, and included it at number 118 on its list of the 500 Greatest Albums of All Time in 2012. == Background == ''Late Registration'' is the second of Kanye West's planned four education-themed studio albums.〔 Following the major success of ''The College Dropout'', the album reveals his progression in writing lyrics and an incorporation of a wider range of musical styles.〔Sheffield, Rob (August 25, 2005). ("Review: ''Late Registration"'' ). ''Rolling Stone''. (Jann Wenner). Retrieved April 20, 2012.〕 At the time, the focal point of West's production style was the use of sped-up vocal samples from soul records.〔 However, due in part to the acclaim of ''The College Dropout'', such sampling had been much copied by others; with that overuse, and also because West felt he had become too dependent on the technique, he decided to find a new sound.〔Brown, p. 121〕 A longtime fan of the English trip hop group Portishead, West had been significantly influenced by ''Roseland NYC Live'', the band's 1998 live album with the New York Philharmonic Orchestra. Early in his career, the live album had inspired him to incorporate string arrangements into his hip hop production. Though West had not been able to afford many live instruments around the time of his debut album, the money from his commercial success enabled him to hire a string orchestra for his second album.〔 West juxtaposed the lush, intricate melodies of the string section with the hard, pounding drum rhythms of hip-hop, and used the sound for the foundation of his rapping.〔 West collaborated with American film score composer Jon Brion, who served as the album's co-executive producer for several tracks.〔 West had been exposed to Brion's work while watching the film ''Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind'', for which Brion had composed music. West was also listening to songs Brion had produced for ''When the Pawn...'', the second studio album of alternative singer-songwriter Fiona Apple, another one of West's favorite musicians and sources of musical inspiration for the album.〔Perez, Rodrigo (August 12, 2005). ("Kanye's Co-Pilot, Jon Brion, Talks About The Making Of Late Registration" ). MTV. Viacom. Retrieved March 2, 2006.〕〔Brown, pp. 121–122〕 Although Brion had no prior experience in creating hip-hop records, he and West found that they could productively work together after their first afternoon in the studio where they discovered that neither confined his musical knowledge and vision to one specific genre.〔Brown, p. 124〕 When questioned if his presence made ''Late Registration'' any less hip-hop, Brion replied, "There are colors and ideas that make (album ) different from average hip-hop, but Kanye is already different from the average hip-hop guy. He's got this sense of pop record-making which is really solid, and he likes tracks with a lot of things going on in them — which is not necessarily common for hip-hop. He was already barking up that tree. This is definitely not just a hip-hop album. But it is also by no means overtly arty, or non-hip-hop. I don't think it's a weird record by any means."〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Late Registration」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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